民族文化外译经常遇到一种传播张力：译者必须把文化介绍出去，却不可能把原文的声音形式全部移入另一种语言。所谓不可译，并不等于停止传播，而是提醒译者承认语言之间客观存在不稳定性。 一个民族专名往往同时连接地域经验。如果只是机械进行音译，海
How Chat Systems Became Digital Infrastructure From Early Mainframes to Future Agents: Past Lessons and Tomorrow's Possibilities
The development of modern messaging begins far earlier than AI assistants. In the period of mainframe dominance, computers were large, expensive, and difficult to operate. Work was usually handled through queued jobs. People prepared paper tapes, submitted machine-readable tasks, and waited for a